For All Member Usefull Gsm Dictionry

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A5/1/2/3/8X - Encryption algorithms for GSM networks

AAL - ATM Adaptation Layer


A-bis = Interface between the BSC and BTS in a GSM network
AB - Access Burst
used for random access and characterised by a longer guard period to allow for burst transmission from a MS that
does not know the correct timing advance when first contacting a network

ABR- Available Bit Rate

AC - Alternating Current ( the standard electricity type )
ACCH - Analog Control Channel
ACTE - Approvals Committee for Terminal Equipment
ACTS - Advanced Communications Technologies and Services – a European technology initiative


ACU - Antenna Combining Unit

AC Charger = an accessory device that allows you to power and/or charge your phone from a wall outlet


Activation the process:

Activation the process by which a cell phone account is created, your phone number assigned, and your phone programmed
so that you can make and receive calls.

Active Flip/Keypad :

Active Flip/Keypad Cover a feature that will answer a call by opening the keypad cover and end a call by
closing the keypad cover.



ADC - Analog to Digital Convertor

ADPCM- Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
( a form of voice compression that typically uses 32kbit/s)


Advice of charge:
A service which provides the user with information on the cost of calls from a mobile phone



AFC - Automatic Frequency Control

AGC - Automatic Gain Control

AGCH- Access Grant Channel; downlink only, BTS allocates a TCH or SDCCH to the MS, allowing it access to the
network

A-interface :
Interface between the MSC and BSS in a GSM network

Airtime:
The amount of time a subscriber spends using his/her mobile phone


Air interface:

In a mobile phone network, the radio transmission path between the base station and the mobile terminal



AM -Amplitude Modulation

AMPS - Advanced Mobile Phone Service

Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) is the analog mobile phone system standard developed by Bell Labs, and
officially introduced in the Americas in 1983[1][2] It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other
locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s, and is still widely available today, although use has dropped considerably with
the introduction of various digital standards.

Total Access Communication System (TACS) and ETACS are mostly-obsolete variants of AMPS which were used in some
European countries (including the UK). TACS was also used in Japan under the name Japanese Total Access Communication
(JTAC).[3][4]





AMR - Adaptive Multi-Rate codec.

Developed in 1999 for use in GSM networks, the AMRhas been adopted by 3GPP for 3G


ANSI - American National Standards Institute.

An non-profit making US organisation which does not carry out standardisation work but reviews the work of standards bodies
and assigns them category codes and numbers

ANSI-136
See D-AMPS

Analogue:
The representation of information by a continuously variable physical quantity such as voltage


Antenna:
a part of a cell phone that receives and transmits cellular radio-frequency transmissions


AoC
Advice of Charge

API -Application Program Interface



ARIB - Association of Radio Industries and Businesses.
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses. An organisation established by Japan’s Ministry of Posts and Communications
to act as the standardisation authority for radio communication and broadcasting


ARM
one of the three types of processors that can be found in Pocket PCS. Created by ARM Ltd., the ARM processor has a
unique architecture compared to its two competitors (MIPS and SH3), and therefore can only run programs created specifically
for it.

ARPU
Average Revenue Per User

ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASIC - Application Specific Integrated Circuit

Electronic chips designed for some concrete purposes (for example, in phone it controlls communication between MCU and
DSP) They're designed and produced by the companies which use them.

ASP - Application Service Provider


Asymmetric Transmission:
Data transmissions where the traffic from the network to the subscriber is at a higher rate than the traffic from the subscriber to
the network



A-TDMA - Advanced Time Division Multiple Access

ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode; a multiplexed information transfer and switching method in which the data is organised into fixed
length 53-octet cells and transmitted according to each application’s instantaneous need


AVCH - Analog Voice Channel

AUC
Authentication Centre; the element within a GSM network which generates the parameters for subscriber authentication

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BB5 - base band 5

BCC - Base-station Color Code

B-CDMA - Broadband Code Division Multiple Access

BCH - Broadcast Channels( carry only downlink information and are mainly responsible for synchronisation and
frequency correction (BCCH, FCCH and SCH)

BCCH - Brodcast Control Channel
the logical channel used in cellular networks to broadcast signalling and control information to all mobile phones
within the network

BER - Bit Error Rate; the percentage of received bits in error compared to the total number of bits received
BERT - Bit Error Rate Test


BGA- ball grid array

BHCA-Busy Hour Call Attempts( the number of call attempts made during a network’s busiest hour of the day)

B-ISDN - Broadband ISDN

BPS - Bits Per Second
( a measure of how fast binary digits can be sent through a channel. The number of 0s and 1s that travel down the
channel per second.)


BREW - Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless
BREW - is an open source application development platform for wireless devices equipped for code division multiple
access BREW makes it possible for developers to create portable applications that will work on any
handsets equipped with CDMA chipsets. A similar and competing platform is J2ME (Java 2 Micro
Edition), from SunMicrosystems.


BSC - Base Station Controller
BSS - Base Station System
Base Station Subsystem
BSIC - Base Station Identity Code or
Base transceiver Station Identity Code


BTS - Base Transceiver Station
(This device allows communication between phones and cellular network or it is the network entity which
communicates with the mobile station)





Back-Lit Illumination illuminates a wireless device’s display and keypad for better low light viewing
Band : a specific range of frequencies in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum.



Battery:
A chargeable device which provides the mobile phone with power. A variety of battery technologies have been
used for mobile phones including nickel cadmiu(NiCad),nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and lithium ion (Li-ion)
Battery status/Battery charge display
An indication of the amount of battery life remaining
Battery Capacity the capacity of wireless devices’ battery. Measured in milliampere hours (mAh).

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C1 - path loss-criterium

C2 - cell-reselection criterion


Call barring
A service which enables users to bar certain incoming or outgoing calls on their mobile phones

Call timer:
A service which keeps track of the amount of airtime being used by the subscriber on a cumulative basis

Call divert:
The capability to divert incoming calls to another phone (fixed or mobile) or to an answering service

Call hold:
The ability to put an ongoing call on hold whilst answering or making a second call

Caller ID:
Caller Identification (displays the name/number of the person calling a mobile phone. Also known as CLI)

CAI - Common Air Interface
( a standard developed for the UK’s public CT2 networks which enabled the same handset to be used on different networks)

CAMEL - Customised Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic
( an IN feature in GSM networks that enables users to carry personal services with them when roaming into other networks that support CAMEL)

CB - Cell Broadcast


CC - Call Control(manages call connections)

CCB - Customer Care and Billing

CCCH - Common Control Channels; a group of uplink and downlink channels between the MS and the BTS (see PCH, AGCH and RACH)


CCONT- Current Controller (in nokia fones)

CCS7 - Common Channel Signalling No. 7



CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access
(Code Division Multiple Access; also known as spread spectrum (or IS-95), CDMA cellular systems utilise a single frequency band for all traffic, differentiating the individual transmissions by assigning them unique codes before transmission. There are a number of variants of CDMA (see W-CDMA, B-CDMA, TD-SCDMA et al)



CDMAone:
The first commercial CDMA cellular system; deployed in North America and Korea; also known as IS-95

CDMA2000:
A member of the IMT-2000 3G family; backwardly compatible with cdmaOne

CDMA 1X:
The first generation of cdma2000; the standardisation process indicated that there would be CDMA 2X and CDMA 3X but this no longer appears likely

CDMA 1X EV-DO:
A variant of CDMA 1X which delivers data only

CDPD - Cellular Digital Packet Data (a packet switched data service largely deployed in the USA. The service uses idle analogue channels to carry the packetised information.)

CDPSK - Coherent Differential Phase Shift Keying

CDR - Call Detail Records
(the record made within the cellular network of all details of both incoming and outgoing calls made by subscribers, The CDR is passed to the billing system for action)


Cell:
The area covered by a cellular base station. A cell site may sectorise its antennas to service several cells from one locationCell site
The facility housing the transmitters/receivers, the antennas and associated equipment

Cell splitting:
The process of converting a single cell to multiple cells by sectorising the antennas in the cell site or constructing additional cells within a cell site



Cell Site:
a fixed cellular tower and radio antenna that handles communication with subscribers in a particular area or cell. A cellular network is made up of many cell sites, all connected back to the wired phone system.

CELP:
Code Excited Linear Prediction; an analogue to digital voice coding scheme, there are a number of variants used in cellular systems

CEPT - Conference of European Posts and Telecommunications.

(A organisation of national posts, telegraphs and telephone administrations. Until 1988, when this work was take over by ETSI, the main European body for telecommunications standardisation. CEPT established the original GSM standardisation group)

CF - Call Forwarding

CI - Carrier to Interference ratio

CIBER - Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange Roamer Record

CID - Caller Identification

Circuit switching:

A method used in telecommunications where a temporary dedicated circuit of constant bandwidth is established between two distant endpoints in a network. Mainly used for voice traffic; the opposite of packet switching

CLID - Calling Line Identification

CLIP - Calling Line Identification Presentation
CLIR - Calling Line Identification Restriction
CM - Connection Management(it is used to set up, maintain and take down call connections)

CNR - carrier to noise ratio
CNT- Content



COBBA- Common Baseband Analog

CPE - Customer Premises Equipment; all the equipment on the end user’s side of the network interface

CPU - Central Processing Unit

CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Substrate


Codec:
A word formed by combining coder and decoder the codec is a device which encodes and decodes signals. The voice codec in a cellular network converts voice signals into and back from bit strings. In GSM networks, in addition to the standard voice codec, it is possible to implement Half Rate (HR) codecs and Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) codecs

Control signal:
A signal sent to a cellular phone from a base station or vice versa which carries information essential to the call but not including the audio portion of a conversation

CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check

CRM - Customer Relationship Management


CSE - CAMEL Service Environment

CSS - Customer Support System

CT - Cordless Telephony

CT0:
Zero generation cordless telephony; the earliest domestic cordless phones which used analogue technology and which had severe limitations in terms of range and security


CT2:
Second generation cordless telephony;

CT1:
First generation cordless telephony; Improved analogue phones with greater range and security; a number of European nations produced CT1 standards

CT2-CAI:
Second generation cordless telephony-common air interface
(Using digital technology CT2 phones offered greater range, improved security and a wide range of new functionalities. Used in both domestic and cordless PABX deployments, CT2 was standardised as an interim ETS but was overwhelmed by DECT)

CTA - Cordless Terminal Adaptor (a DECT term)

CTM - Cordless Terminal Mobility

CTR - Common Technical Regulation

CUG - Closed User Group

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D/A - Digital to Analogue conversion

DAC - Digital to Analogue Convertor

DAMA - Demand Assigned Multiple Access

D-AMPS - Digital AMPS, a US wireless standard also known as IS-136

DAN - DECT Access Node



Data capable:
Mobile phones which have the capability to enable transmission of data from a laptop computer or PDA via the phone

Datacable : interface for conecting a mobile fone to pc

db - decibel (unit if sound)
DB - Dummy Burst; transmitted as a filler in unused timeslots of the carrier
DCT /3,4 - digital core technology

DCT/L - digital core technology linda


DCCH - Digital Control Channel
DTCH - Digital Traffic Channel
DTX - Discontinous Transmission Exchange

DCA - Dynamic Channel Assignment

DCCH - Dedicated Control Channels
( responsible for roaming, handovers, encryption etc)

DCE - Data Communications Equipment

DCH - Data Clearing House

DCPSK - Differentially Coherent Phase Shift Keying

DCS1800 - Digital Cellular System at 1800MHz, now known as GSM1800


DECT - Digitally Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications system, a second generation digital cordless technology standardised by ETSI

DEPSK - Differential Encoded Phase Shift Keying

DES - Digital Encryption Standard



DFSK - Double Frequency Shift Keying


Digital:
a method of representing information as numbers with discrete values; usually expressed as a sequence of bits
Digital a method of encoding a transmission that involves translating information (in the case of digital phones the information would be a voice conversation) into a series of 0’s and 1’s. Digital communications technology offers cleaner calls without the static and distortion that is common with analog phones. The majority of new handsets sold today are digital rather than analog technology.




DPCM - Differential Pulse Code Modulation

DPSK - Digital Phase Shift Keying

DQPSK - Digital Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

DS-CDMA - Direct Sequence CDMA

DSP - Digital Signal Processor
Digital Signal Processing refers to manipulating analog information, such as sound or photographs that has been converted into a digital form to improve accuracy and reliability of digital communications.


DSC- Digital Signal Controller

DSRR - Digital Short Range Radio
( a UK standard for a low power, short range radio system designed for small voice and data networks)

DTE - Data Terminal Equipment

DTMF - Dual Tone MultiFrequency;
(better know as Touch Tone. The tones generated by touching the keys on the phone are used for a variety of purposes )

DTX - Discontinuous Transmission

Dual Band:
The capability of GSM infrastructure elements and handsets to work across both the 900MHz and 1800MHz bands. The capability to seamlessly handover between the two bands offers operators major capacity gains



Duplex:
The wireless technique where one frequency band is used for traffic from the network to the subscriber (the downlink) and another, widely separated, band is used for traffic from the subscriber to the network (the uplink)

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EDGE - Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) or Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), is a digital mobile phone technology that allows for increased data transmission rate and improved data transmission reliability. It is generally classified as a 2.75G network technology. EDGE has been introduced into GSM networks around the world since 2003, initially in North America.

It can be used for any packet switched applications such as an Internet connection. High-speed data applications such as video services and other multimedia benefit from EGPRS' increased data capacity. EDGE Circuit Switched is a possible future development.



EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

EFR- Enhanced Full Rate
(Enhanced Full Rate (codec): an improved version of the standard voice codec used in GSM phones; offers improved speech quality without impacting on network capacity)

EFT - Electronic Funds Transfer

EGSM - Extended (frequency range) GSM

EIR - Equipment Identity Register (a database that contains a list of all valid mobile stations within a network based on their IMEI)

EIRP - Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

EPOC :
The mobile phone operating system developed by Symbian. Derived from epoch-the beginning of an era-EPOC is a 32-bit operating environment which comprises a suite of applications, customisable user interfaces, connectivity options and a range of development tools

EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Erlang:
A dimensionless unit of average traffic density in a telecommunications network

ERMES - Enhanced Radio Messaging System
(IT is a paging technology developed by ETSI which was intended to allow users to roam throughout Europe. Adopted by a number of European and Middle Eastern countries, ERMES, like paging in general, was overtaken by the ubiquity of GSM)

ERO - European Radiocommunications Office

ERP - Effective Radiated Power

ESMR - Enhanced Special Mobile Radio; a US PMR variant (see SMR)

ESN - Electronic Serial Number; a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a mobile phone

ESPRIT - European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information Technology

ETACS
Extended TACS (the extension of TACS by the addition of new frequencies)

ETS - European Telecommunications Standard

ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute: The European group responsible for defining telecommunications standards

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FMI - Fixed Mobile Integration

FPLMTS - Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications System
(the original title of the ITU’s third generation concept now known as IMT-2000)

FRA - Fixed Radio Access; see WLL

FSDPSK - Filtered Symmetric Differential Phase Shift Keying

FSK - Frequency Shift Keying
( a method of using frequency modulation to send digital information)

FSOQ - Frequency Shift Offset Quadrature Modulation

FSS - Fixed Satellite ServiceGb
(The interface between the PCU and the SGSN in a GSM/GPRS network)


FOMA - Freedom Of Mobile multimedia Access

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Gc:
The interface between the GGSN and the HLR in a GSM/GPRS network

Gd:
The interface between the SGSN and the SMSC in a GSM/GPRS network

Gf:
The interface between the SGSN and the EIR in a GSM/GPRS network

Gi:
The interface between the GGSN and the Internet in a GPRS network

Gn:
The interface between the GGSN and the SGSN in a GPRS network

Gp:
The interfaces between the GGSN/SGSN and the Border Gateway in a GPRS network

Gr:
The interface between the SGSN and the HLR in a GPRS network

Gs:
The interface between the SGSN and the MSC in a GSM/GPRS network

GAIT - GSM/ANSI 136 Interoperability Committee

GAP - Generic Access Profile; a DECT term

Gbit/s:
A unit of data transmission rate equal to one billion bits per second

GMSC - Gateway Mobile Services Switching Centre; the gateway between two networks

GCF - Global Certification Forum

Geostationary:
Refers to a satellite in equatorial orbit above the earth which appears from the surface to be stationary

GERAN - GSM-EDGE Radio Access Network the name for the evolution of GSM towards 3G based on EDGE

GGRF - GSM Global Roaming Forum

GGSN - Gateway GPRS Support Node; the gateway between a cellular network and a IP network.

GHz:
A unit of frequency equal to one billion Hertz per second

GMPCS - Global Mobile Personal Communications by Satellite

GMSK - Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying

GPRS:
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a mobile data service available to users of GSM and IS-136 mobile phones. GPRS data transfer is typically charged per megabyte of transferred data, while data communication via traditional circuit switching is billed per minute of connection time, independently of if the user actually has transferred data or been in an idle state. GPRS can be utilized for services such as WAP access, SMS and MMS, but also for Internet communication services such as email and web access. In the future, it is expected that low cost voice over IP will be made available in cell phones.



GPS:
The Global Positioning System (GPS), is currently the only fully-functional satellite navigation system. More than two dozen GPS satellites are in medium Earth orbit, transmitting signals allowing GPS receivers to determine the receiver's location, speed and direction.



GRX - GPRS Roaming Exchange

GSM

The Global System for Mobile Communications, GSM (original acronym: Groupe Spécial Mobile) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. GSM service is used by over 2 billion people across more than 212 countries and territories.[1][2] The ubiquity of the GSM standard makes international roaming very common between mobile phone operators, enabling subscribers to use their phones in many parts of the world. GSM differs significantly from its predecessors in that both signaling and speech channels are Digital call quality, which means that it is considered a second generation (2G) mobile phone system. This fact has also meant that data communication was built into the system from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).




GSM MoU - The GSM Memorandum of Understanding
(an agreement signed between all the major European operators to work together to promote GSM. The precursor of the GSM Association)

GSM-R : GSM-Railway,
A variant of GSM designed to meet the special communications needs of international train operators

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Hands-free:
The operation of a cellular phone without using the handset; usually installed in vehicles.

Handoff:
The transfer of control of a cellular phone call in progress from one cell to another, without any discontinuity



HCS
Hierarchical Cell Structure; the architecture of a multi-layered cellular network where subscribers are handed over from the
macro to the micro to the pico layer depending on the current network capacity and the needs of the subscriber

HDLC - High level Data Link Control

HIPERLAN: - High Performance Radio Local Access Network
(a wireless local area network being standardised by ETSI), (Also HIPERLAN2)

HLR - Home Location Register
( the database within a GSM network which stores all the subscriber data.A vital element in the roaming process)


HR - Half Rate Traffic


HSCSD - High Speed Circuit Switched Data

( a special mode in GSM networks which provides higher data throughput By cocatenating a number of timeslots, each
delivering 14.4kbit/s, much higher data speeds can be achieved)

HSPSD - High Speed Packet Switched Data




HSCSD - High Speed Circuit Switched Data System
( this enables the transmission of data over current GSM networks at speeds up to 43.2 kbps. HSCSD enables such high
speeds by using multiple channels.)

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IC - Intergrated Circuit
ICSP - In Circuit Serial Programming
I-ETS

IF- Intermediate Frequency

Interim European Telecommunications Standard

Infrared data port:
A facility on a mobile phone to allow information to be exchanged with other devices e.g. a PC using infra red technology

IN - Intelligent Network

Internet
The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.



Intranet
An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet protocols, network connectivity, and possibly the public telecommunication system to securely share part of an organization's information or operations with its employees. Sometimes the term refers only to the most visible service, the internal website. The same concepts and technologies of the Internet such as clients and servers running on the Internet protocol suite are used to build an intranet. HTTP and other Internet protocols are commonly used as well, especially FTP and e-mail. There is often an attempt to use Internet technologies to provide new interfaces with corporate 'legacy' data and information systems.

Briefly, an intranet can be understood as "a private version of the Internet", or as a version of the internet confined to an organization.


IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity
The International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) is a number unique to every GSM and UMTS mobile phone. It is usually found printed on the phone underneath the battery and can also be found by dialing the sequence *#06# into the phone.

The IMEI number is used by the GSM network to identify valid devices and therefore can be used to stop a stolen phone from accessing the network. For example, if a mobile phone is stolen, the owner can call his or her network provider and instruct them to "ban" the phone using its IMEI number. This renders the phone useless, regardless of whether the phone's SIM is changed.



I-mode:
A service developed by Japanese operator NTT DoCoMo, I-mode delivers a huge range of services to subscribers and has proved enormously popular with some 30 million regular users. The revenue sharing model used for I-mode is being adopted by other operators as the basis for the new services enabled by GPRS and 3G



IMSI - International Mobile Subscriber Identity
(an internal subscriber identity used only by the network)

IMT-2000:
The family of third generation technologies approved by the ITU. There are five members of the family: IMT-DS, a direct sequence WCDMA FDD solution IMT-TC, a WCDMA TDD solution IMT-MC, a multicarrier solution developed from cdma2000 IMT-SC, a single carrier solution developed from IS-136/UWC-136 IMT-FT, a TDMA/TDD solution derived from DECT



INAP - Intelligent Network Application Part



IP - Internet Protocol

IPR - Intellectual Property Rights

IPv6:
The next generation of IP addressing designed to replace the current system IPv4 which uses a 32 bit address code which limits the number of possible addresses. IPv6 uses a 128 bit code ensuring that the possible number of IP addresses will be virtually limitless

IrDA - Infra red Data Association

Iridium:
A low earth orbit satellite communications system developed initially by Motorola.

IS-54:
The first evolution in the USA from analogue to digital technology. Used a hybrid of analogue and digital technology, superseded by IS-136

IS-95:
Cellular standard know also as cdmaOne

IS-136:
Cellular standard also known as TDMA or D-AMPS

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO
International Standards Organisation

ISP - Internet Service Provider



iTAP:
software developed by Motorola and built into some wireless phones and PDAs that makes typing words on a keypad easier. The competitor to iTAP is T9

ITU - International Telecommunications Union

ITU-R - ITU Telecommunications Radio Sector

ITU-T - ITU Telecommunications Standardisation Sector

IWF - Interworking Function

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JAF - Just Another Flasher

Java:
A programming language developed by Sun Microsystems Java is characterised by the fact that programs written in Java do not rely on an operating system

J2ME :
(Java 2 Micro Edition) is a technology that allows programmers to use the Java programming language and related tools to develop programs for wireless and mobile devices such as cellular phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). The J2ME platform can be used to implement a wide variety of applications, from wireless games to data portals into the Internet or corporate enterprise databases.


JPEG- Joint Photographic Experts Group

JTAG - Joint Test Action Group

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Kbps : Kilobits Per Second, a measure of bandwidth
LAI - Local Area Identification

LAP
Link Access Protocol

LAN
Local Area Network

LANS
Local Area Network Services



LED - Light Emitting Diode
(a semiconductor device that illuminates when electricity passes through it. Often used as an indicator light, or to spell out words and numbers. LEDs come in many colors, and some LEDs contain multiple elements and are therefore capable of multiple colors. Provides good visibility in direct sunlight and in darkness)



LEO - Low Earth Orbit
( refers to satellites which orbit the Earth at around 1,000 kilometres)


LPT - Line Print Terminal

LMSS
Land Mobile Satellite Service

Lock
A function on a cellular phone which, when activated, prevents use of the phone until the user enters a security code

LCD - Liquid crystal display



Lithium Ion battery:
a type of rechargeable battery for cell phones which is generally lighter weight than earlier battery types, has a relatively longer cycle life, and generally does not suffer from “memory” effect.

Lithium Polymerbattery:
a battery technology similar to lithium ion but allows the battery to be molded to any shape allowing greater flexibility for mobile phone designers.

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MAC - Media Access Control; the lower sublayer of the OSI system

MAD - Memory Analog Digital

MAN - Metropolitan Area Network

MAP - Mobile Application Part




Mb- Megabite
( a unit of data transmission speed equal to one million bits per second)


MCC - Mobile Country Code
MCU - Micro Control Unit

MCPA - Multi Carrier Power Amplifier

MeXe - Mobile Execution Environment
(likely to be based on Java, MeXe enables WAP-enabled devices to offer a wider range of features with greater security and flexibility, as well as greater control of telephony features)

MFSK - Multiple Frequency Shift Keying


MHz - Megahertz (a unit of frequency equal to one million Hertz)


MMI - Man Machine Interface

MMS - Multimedia Messaging Service
(an evolution of SMS, MMS goes beyond text messaging offering various kinds of multimedia content including images, audio and video clips)

MMSK - Modified Minimum Shift Keying
MNC - Mobile Network Code
MNO - Mobile Network Operator

Modulation:
The process of imposing an information signal on a carrier. This can be done by changing the amplitude (AM), the frequency (FM) or the phase, or any combination of these



MPEG:
Motion Picture Experts Group; MPEG4 is a technology for compressing voice and video so that the information can be transmitted over normally difficult links such as mobile radio

MS - Mobile Station

MSC - Mobile Switching Centre
(the switching centre of a mobile phone network, the MSC has interfaces to the BSCs, HLR, VLR and other MSCs)


MSIN - Mobile Station Identification Number

MSISDN - Mobile Station International ISDN Number



MSK - Minimum Shift Keying (Another term for FFSK)

Multiplexing:
A telecommunications technique where several channels can be combined to share the same transmission medium. The most common forms are Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

MVPN - Mobile Virtual Private Network


Master Reset:
restores the setting to factory

MIDI - Musical Instrument Digital Interface
(a standard that allows digital musical instruments to communicate with one another. In cell phone terms, MIDI is what gives you polyphonic sounds; which means your ring tones can sound like real music instead of beeps. )

MMS - Multimedia Messaging Service
(a further extension of SMS and EMS.MMS is designed to make use of newer and quicker mobile transmission methods such as GPRS, HSCSD, EDGE and UMTS, involving the attachment of multimedia extensions to messages, such as video and sound. An e-mail function is also planned. )

MO-SMS - Mobile-Originated Short Message Service
(the ability to send short text messages from a phone. Both the phone and the carrier’s network must support this feature for it to work. Messages can be sent to other phones by phone number. Many phones also allow sending messages directly to e-mail addresses. )

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N-AMPS
Narrowband AMPS

NAM (Number Assignment Module) a circuit chip located inside a phone which stores your telephone number, lock code, timer reset code, network information and other operational data. The NAM is programmed by the service provider when a device is activated. Today’s phones have EPROM type NAM and are keypad programmable.

NAMPS (Narrowband Advanced Mobile Phone Service) is the next generation of AMPS systems. NAMPS is a cellular call-handling system that uses digital signaling techniques to split the existing channels into three narrowband channels. The result is three times more voice channel capacity than the traditional AMPS system provides.


NB
Normal Burst; used to carry traffic and control channels except RACH




NCC (National Color Code or Network Color Code

NET
Norme Europeenne de Telecommunications


NiMH - Nickel Metal Hydride

NMSI - National Mobile Subscriber Identity

NMT: - Nordic Mobile Telephone system
(an analogue cellular technology deployed in the Nordic countries in the late 1970’s; variations were also deployed in the Benelux countries and in Russia. NMT operated in the 450 and 900MHz bands and was the first technology to offer international roaming, albeit only in the Nordic countries)


Node B:
The element in a UMTS network which interfaces with the mobile station, analogous to a BTS in a GSM network

No Service:
An indication on the display of a cellular phone that indicates that the user is in an area where cellular service is unavailable

[shah87n]

OMAP - Open Multimedia Applications Platform


OMC - Operations and Maintenance Centre
OMC-S The switching OMC

OMC-R The radio OMC


OLED - Organic Light-Emitting Diode

(a next-generation display technology that consists of small dots of organic polymer that emit light when charged with electricity. OLED is beginning to replace LCD technology in handheld devices such as PDAs and cell phones because the technology is thinner, lighter, brighter, cheaper to manufacture and consumes less power than LED’s.)

OTA - Over the air activation
( the downloading of ring tones, picture messages, and other content to your mobile phone wirelessly. )


OSI
Open Systems Interconnection; a seven layer model for protocols defined by ISO

OTP- One Time Programable